AI + SLM: The Intelligent Revolution of Spatial Light Modulators

The Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) ndi chipangizo chowunikira chomwe chimayang'anira kufalikira kwa mafunde akutsogolo kudzera pamagetsi kapena ma siginecha. Posintha mayendedwe a Crystal yamadzimadzi mamolekyu okhala ndi gawo lamagetsi lakunja, amatha kusintha matalikidwe, gawo, kapena polarization ya kuwala, kupangitsa kuti nthawi yeniyeni iwonetsedwe bwino pamunda wa kuwala. Ma SLM amadzimadzi okhala ndi kristalo, okhala ndi zabwino monga kupanga kosavuta, mtengo wotsika, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono, komanso kuwongolera kosavuta, awonetsa magwiridwe antchito modabwitsa m'magawo monga kulumikizana ndi kuwala, makompyuta owoneka bwino, komanso kukonza zidziwitso za kuchuluka. M'zaka zaposachedwa, kuphatikizidwa kwa nzeru zamakono (AI) ndi matekinoloje optical kwachititsa kusintha. Monga chida chachikulu chosinthira mawonekedwe, ma SLM, opatsidwa mphamvu ndi kuphunzira mozama ndi ma neural network, akuwonetsa kuthekera kogwiritsa ntchito zomwe sizinachitikepo.

Mphamvu Yophatikizira: Pamene Kuphunzira Kwakuya Kukumana ndi Kusintha kwa Malo Owala Kuwala

Kuphunzira mozama (DL), ma neural network (NN), ndi kuphunzira pamakina (ML) kumakulitsa ntchito zovuta kudzera mumitundu yoyendetsedwa ndi data. Makina owonera, omwe amadziwika ndi kufanana kwakukulu, kutsika pang'ono, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pang'ono, amatha kuthana ndi zovuta zamakompyuta akamaphatikizana ndi matekinoloje awa. Kuwonjezeka kwa luntha lochita kupanga, makamaka kuphatikiza kwa kuphunzira mozama ndi ukadaulo wa spatial light modulator (SLM), kumabweretsa kusintha kwakukulu pamundawu.

Kuphunzira mozama, kukulitsa maukonde a neural, kumatulutsa mawonekedwe apamwamba kudzera mumagulu angapo osasinthika (monga ma convolutional layers ndi recurrent layers). Mitundu yoyambira yophunzirira mwakuya imaphatikizapo Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), ndi Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs). M'zaka zaposachedwa, kupita patsogolo kwa kuphunzira kwamakina, makamaka motsogozedwa ndi kuphunzira mozama, kwadzetsa kufalikira kwa ntchito Kujambula kwa Optical kuzindikira ndi optical computing.

Ntchito yayikulu ya spatial light modulator (SLM) ndikuwongolera kuyanika kwa mamolekyu amadzimadzi amadzimadzi kudzera mumagetsi, potero kusinthira matalikidwe kapena gawo la kuwala kochitika m'njira yogawa. Ma SLM amtundu wa Phase amatha kukwaniritsa kusinthika kwa magawo osiyanasiyana a 0-2π, ndikupangitsa kuwongolera kolondola kwa mafunde akutsogolo kwa kusintha kwa mtengo. Komano, ma transmissive SLMs amakhala amtundu wa matalikidwe, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ozungulira amadzimadzi amadzimadzi a crystal mavavu ophatikizika ndi polarizers ndi analyzers kuti asinthe kukula kwa kuwala kotulutsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zophunzirira mozama, ma SLM amatha kukwaniritsa zolinga monga kuyang'ana mopanda malire ndikuwongolera. Kusamvana, zomwe zimabweretsa kupita patsogolo kwakukulu pamapulogalamu monga kuyerekeza kwa gawo lobwerezabwereza, kuyerekezera kwapamwamba kwambiri, ndi kuyerekezera mizimu.

TKupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo: Zochitika Zofananira za Ma SLM Anzeru

Njira zachikhalidwe zopangira ma hologram nthawi zambiri zimadalira njira zobwerezabwereza monga Gerchberg-Saxton (GS). Ngakhale kuti ma aligorivimuwa akhazikika bwino, amavutika ndi kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono, makamaka popanga magawo ovuta a kuwala kapena kumafuna kuwongolera nthawi yeniyeni, pomwe zofooka zawo zimawonekera kwambiri. Kuyambitsa maphunziro akuzama kumapereka njira yatsopano yothanirana ndi vutoli.

Mayendedwe a Njira ya GS-CNN

Mu 2021, gulu lofufuza zapakhomo lidachita upainiya wa GS-CNN hybrid algorithm, kuphatikiza njira yachikhalidwe ya Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) ndi ma convolutional neural network. Njirayi imasunga kukhazikika kwa ma aligorivimu a GS kwinaku akugwiritsa ntchito luso lamphamvu lopanga mapu la neural network, kuwongolera kwambiri magwiridwe antchito. Miyendo ya Bessel vortex yopangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya GS-CNN imawonetsa zolakwika zocheperapo (RMSE) komanso magwiridwe antchito apamwamba (DE) poyerekeza ndi zotsatira zomwe zidapezedwa ndi algorithm yachikhalidwe ya GS.

Zotsatira Zoyeserera za GS-CNN Method

(a)～(c) Kugawika kwamphamvu kwamitengo ya Bessel; (d)～(f) Kugawika kwamphamvu kwa mitsinje yopangidwa ndi vortex; (g)～(i) LC-SLM gawo mahologalamu a matabwa opangidwa vortex

Pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya GS-CNN, ofufuza adapanga bwino matabwa a Bessel okhala ndi ma topologies osiyanasiyana, kuchepetsa kwambiri nthawi yowerengera ndikusunga mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri. Kuphatikizika kwa kuphunzira mozama kumathandizira kuti dongosololi liphunzire zovuta zakuthupi zakufalitsa kumunda wopepuka, potero kutulutsa ma hologram apamwamba kwambiri. Poyerekeza ndi njira zachikhalidwe, gawo lalikulu la mphamvu zowunikira zowunikira zimasiyanitsidwa bwino, ndipo kusiyana pakati pa kugawa kwamphamvu ndi kugawa kwachandamale kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, kupereka kuwala kodalirika kogwiritsa ntchito monga ma tweezers optical ndi microparticle manipulation.

Holographic Optical Tweezers: Dongosolo la holographic optical tweezers lopangidwa ndi kampani yathu, kutengera SLMs, limathandizira kutsitsa zenizeni komanso kutembenuza zithunzi za holographic kudzera pakompyuta. Izi zimapanga kuwala komwe kumafunidwa pakatikati pa lens ya cholinga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti tinthu tating'onoting'ono timene tiyambe kusinthasintha mumsampha uliwonse wa kuwala mkati mwa mndandanda.

Holographic Optical Tweezers System

Tekinoloje ya Holographic optical tweezers imatha kupanga misampha yowoneka bwino ndi mitundu yapadera, monga mizati ya Laguerre-Gaussian, mizati ya Bessel, ndi mizati ya Airy, posinthira kutsogolo kwa kuwala kwa zochitika. Izi zimathandizira magwiridwe antchito monga kuzungulira, kunyamula, ndi kusanja ma microparticles.

Kujambula Kwanthawi Yeniyeni kwa 3D Holographic: Kupyola Malire a Kumasulira Kwachikhalidwe

Mu Julayi 2025, Stanford University ndi Meta adawonetsa chomverera m'makutu cha VR chokhala ndi makulidwe a mamilimita atatu padziko lonse lapansi. Chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito ma modulators a spatial light (SLMs) ndi ukadaulo wa waveguide, wophatikizidwa ndi ma aligorivimu ochita kupanga, kupanga zithunzi zenizeni m'maso mwa wogwiritsa ntchito, ndikupanga zowonera zomwe zimamveka kuti ndi zenizeni pakuwona komanso kukhudza.

Ukadaulo woyerekeza wa holographic ukuyenda kuchokera ku labotale kupita ku ntchito zamalonda pa liwiro lodabwitsa, ndi mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsera kukhala kuphatikiza kwakuya kwa kuphunzira mozama ndi zowongolera kuwala kwa malo. Gulu la Shi Liang ku MIT lathandizira ma convolutional neural network (CNNs) kuti afulumizitse kuwerengera kwa zithunzi za 3D holographic kwa AR/VR, ndi makina osinthika a tensor convolutional neural network omwe akugwira ntchito zingapo zazikulu mwachangu kuposa kuwerengera kotengera fizikisi. Momwemonso, gulu la Suyeon Choi ku yunivesite ya Stanford linalemba ntchito ma CNN mkati mwa dongosolo la PyTorch, ndikukwaniritsa chithunzithunzi chomwe sichinachitikepo m'malingaliro a 3D holographic pogwiritsa ntchito zida zowunikira kuwala. Zogulitsa za SLM zodzipangira zokha za kampani yathu, zokhala ndi mitengo yotsitsimula kwambiri komanso kulondola kwagawo lapamwamba, zimapereka nsanja yabwino ya zida zama algorithms oyendetsedwa ndi AI, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chithunzi cha holographic chitheke.

Mtundu wa Holographic System

Kampani yathu yodzipangira yokha mtundu wa holographic imatengera mtundu wamadzimadzi amadzimadzi a crystal spatial light modulator (SLM). Imakwaniritsa kuberekanso kwamtundu wa holographic kudzera pa mfundo yogawanitsa nthawi, pomwe magwero a laser a R, G, ndi B, pamodzi ndi ma hologram amitundu itatu pa SLM, amasinthira gawo lowala pamlingo womwewo. Kuyang'ana kwa mtundu wa holographic kumatha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito chophimba choyera kapena wolandila CCD.

Zotsatira Zoyesa:

Zalembedwa Pomaliza

Kuphunzira kwamakina, kuphunzira mozama, ndi maukonde a neural kumapanga njira yotsekeka ya "chida-zomangamanga-paradigm": ML imapereka njira yoyendetsera, NN imakhazikitsa maziko owerengera, ndipo DL imamasula kuthekera kokonza deta yovuta kudzera muzomanga zakuya. Ndi kuphatikiza kwakuya kwa AI ndi matekinoloje owoneka bwino, ma modulators owunikira akulowa m'malo okulirapo. Monga "burashi yamphamvu" yopangira mapulogalamu opepuka, ma SLM, akaphatikizidwa ndi "ma algorithms anzeru" akuphunzira mozama, akukonzanso mawonekedwe amakono a optical system. M'tsogolomu, ndi mgwirizano wozama wa ma aligorivimu ndi zida, makina ophatikizika a SLM-AI ali okonzeka kukhala injini yapakatikati yamakompyuta owoneka bwino komanso kuzindikira kwanzeru.

Zolozera:

[1] Wenqi Ma, Huimin Lu, Jianping Wang, et al. Vortex Beam Generation Kutengera Spatial Light Modulator ndi Kuphunzira Mwakuya [J]. Optics Journal, 2021, 41(11): 79-85.